Elements of Art and Principles of Design

Ally Sheppard, Dani Gallucci, Colm Duffy

Elements of Art:

Line // a mark connecting two points, either implied or explicit, used to connect or divide other elements

drawing-faces-in-contour

Bright seamless abstract hand-drawn pattern, waves background. Can be used for wallpaper, pattern fills, web page, surface textures. Endless skin for gadgets desktop. Modern psychedelic design.

Shape // any outlined form with width and length

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Texture // the look and feel of a surface achieved through repetition of any element

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Value // embodied by the relative amounts of light and darkness used to convey mood and enhance a concept

pair boots

Color // deals with value, hue, tone, and is used to add emotion, time, and emphasis to a concept

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Plane // a three dimensional form with more length and width than depth

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Volume // the three dimensional space (implied or explicit) that a composition takes up

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Mass // the implied weight of a form in a given space

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Space // the holistic usage of positive and negative forms in a given composition

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Light // used to add emphasis, mood, and time to a composition and can be applied in numerous ways

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Time/Motion // an implied movement which can also be represented as a passage of time

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Principles of Design:

Unity/Variety // 1. the cohesiveness of a composition as carried across by repeated or complementary elements 2. a distinction between elements to prevent from visual stagnation

law of repetition

Balance // the way the weight of a composition is distributed across a given space

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Scale/Proportion // the relative size of an object to another object to give greater mass to the other

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Rhythm // a pattern created by repeating elements intended to direct the viewer’s gaze, utilizing sequence to do so

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Emphasis // draws attention to the most important aspect of a composition, accomplished by making that aspect bolder or otherwise distinguishing it from the surrounding elements

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Line Inventory Critique

This was a very time consuming, meticulous, and painstaking project that just about drove me crazy. That being said, I really love how it turned out and the final piece is something that I am very proud of. There were so many steps, which at first I found tedious, but now appreciate and respect. It was interesting to see how my work transformed and grew, and I surprised myself with my work ethic for this project (three all-nighters, two of which were in the same week. Yikes!). During critique, I was very pleased with my peers’ reception of the final project. I know that their opinions shouldn’t validate my art, but it still felt good that they liked it as much as I do. I’ve learned throughout the years that the time spent creating a piece of art and the time spent absorbing or viewing it are extremely disproportionate, so the close looks and attention to detail were critical to me while creating my line inventory. After a while, the pattern creation became soothing and I was almost in a sort of trance while I worked on it. I was still very conscious of every line I made, but it all seemed to ebb and flow like something living rather than just marks on a paper. Overall I am very proud of this piece and it pushed me to the edge, which in turn made me grow as an artist.

Final piece:

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Close-up images:

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Line inventory 1:

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Line inventory 2:

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Foundations Reading 1

 

What is your personal view of the difference between the designer and the artist?

Before these readings, I never really gave much thought to the differences between designer and artist. In fact, I thought they were more or less interchangeable. After reading the selection by Norman Potter, I see now that the realms of designers and artists are both very distinct. From what I read, it seems as though designers are held to stricter restraints and demands, whereas artists are able to more freely create things. Designers seem to be much more analytical and have good problem-solving skills, not only with themselves but with others as well. Overall there are strong differences between the two that I overlooked at first.

Which are you? Why?

I think that I am more of an artist than a designer. When creating, I am not usually at the mercy of anyone else’s opinions aside from my own. I especially enjoy painting and mixed media, two areas dominated by artists rather than designers. I also have little to no experience working in a traditional design setting, which separates me from designers even more. I believe that I have some of the qualities of a designer (good communication skills, a lively imagination, etc.) but I definitely identify more with artists.

George Nelson – Good Design: What is it for?

Tradition vs. Technology
– There must first be a need and designer
– When technology is slow, tradition takes over
Function Highly Overrated
– No connection between level/type of need and design quality
The ‘Designer’ Need not be an Individual
– No design can exist in isolation
– Designer as more of social process of trial, selection, and rejection rather than individual
An Impossible Comparison
– Historical discrepancies are not a basis for comparison (ex. chariot vs. Italian car)
A Kleenex Culture
– More and more consumer products shift to disposable basis
– Consequence of increased knowledge and expansion of productivity
Rapidity of Recent Changes
– Rapid development of contemporary design
– Attempts made to create new design rather than depend on old forms/symbols
– Not all contemporary design is good design
Extravagant Claims for Good Design
– Being surrounded by good design does not necessarily create a good designer
What Good Design is Not…
– Good design = manifestation of capacity of human spirit to transcend limitations
– Maker is enriched through spirit of creating
– Good design cannot make life better, only you can do that
– Purpose of good design = ornament existence, not substitute for it

Norman Potter – Is a Designer an Artist?

– Designers work through and for other people, and are primarily concerned with problems not their own
– For most designers, the point of no return is final (vs. the continual creation of artists and their work)
– Changes are not always determined by what the designer wants
– Designer provides instructions and must keep different viewpoints in agreement, and sometimes has contractual relationships with people
– Designer is highly ‘problem conscious’
– Designer must have judgement, discrimination, and lively imagination
– The verbal prowess of designers is crucial but often overlooked
– Artists are not as contractually bound to responsibilities as designers

Donald Judd – It’s Hard to Find a Good Lamp

– Fundamental difference between art and architecture is that art cannot be imposed on furniture or architecture