Where have all the amphibians gone?

Yet again, our research question has changed. Originally we planned to look at how land use impacts stream quality as well as abundance of bioindicator species, but as we began collecting data, we started seeing problems with our question. First, one of the main bioindicators we chose, amphibians, were not present at any stream site we sampled. This made us stop and think about why this might be the case. Is it because there are no amphibians at these sites at all? Surely that couldn’t be the case. Is it because the weather isn’t favorable for those species? Possibly. In the end we decided that the most likely factors influencing the abundance of amphibians at these streams were elevation and stream flow. All the streams we sampled were at high elevations, which thereby could influence the abundance of amphibians is they do not usually live at those higher elevations. Possibly the rate of the stream flow could have also been affecting the lack of amphibians at these sites. In our study we decided to test these factors against the abundance of dragonflies and damselflies we observed. But it became clear that we needed to adjust our research question to fit our new parameters because it was obvious that not all the species we chose as bioindicators would work at our study sites. Our question changed to “Can Odonata and Amphibia be used as bioindicators of ecosystem health in high elevation tropical stream systems?” We conducted 4 transects at Las Cruces, 2 at La Amistad and 1 at Roberto Jimenez’s coffee farm; the three land types we observed at these locations were primary forest, pasture, and coffee farms. Besides not seeing any amphibians on our transects, the biggest issues we came across during our field research were having a hard time accessing the streams, sinking ankle deep in the stream sediment, and finding enough stream to sample in or near each land use type. But overall, we ended up getting some pretty interesting results from our research. We found out that amphibians can’t be used as a bioindicator of stream health because they do not usually live around streams/rivers in tropical ecosystems and we found out that damselflies are a good indicator of stream health. We also noticed (almost) significant differences between stream flow in primary forest streams and pasture streams. Overall I am proud of our results and the work we did on this project.  

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